When expectant mothers are exposed to phthalates during the first trimester, their male offspring may have a greater risk of infertility later in life, a new study suggests. The report was published online Feb. 18 in Human Reproduction. Boys exposed to the chemical diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) may be born with a significantly shorter anogenital distance than those not exposed to these chemicals. A shorter anogenital distance has been linked to infertility and low sperm count, the researchers explained. "We saw these changes even though moms' exposure to DEHP has dropped 50% in the past 10 years," lead researcher Shanna Swan, Ph.D., a professor of preventive medicine and obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, told HealthDay. "Therefore, we have not found a safe level of phthalate exposure for pregnant women," she contended. For the study, Swan's team collected data on 753 pregnant women and their infants. Specifically, the researchers found that exposure in the womb to three types of DEHP was associated with a significantly shorter anogenital distance in boys, but not in girls. In a statement, the American Chemistry Council (ACC) stressed that the study only examined one type of phthalate, not all versions of the chemical. And it said that phthalates are "one of the most widely studied family of chemicals in use today." The ACC added that DEHP "is known to break down into its metabolites within minutes after it enters the body. Information collected by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention over the last 10 years indicates that, despite the fact that phthalates are used in many products, exposure from all sources combined is extremely low -- much lower than the levels established as safe by scientists at regulatory agencies."
0 Comments
Men with premature ejaculation (PE) may benefit from taking tramadol off-label, suggests a new meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. In pooled results, the drug was significantly more effective than placebo at increasing intra-vaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) time over 8 to 12 weeks. The limited evidence, however, leaves many unanswered questions, including what is a safe and effective minimum daily dose of tramadol, appropriate treatment duration, unacceptable adverse effect profile, and worrisome addiction rate. Dapoxetine, a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), is currently the only oral medication FDA approved to treat PE. In Europe, guidelines suggest that tramadol, an opioid analgesic, has similar efficacy to dapoxetine; both appear moderately beneficial for PE. For the meta-analysis, Marrissa Martyn-St. James, MD, of the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom, and colleagues reviewed 8 randomized controlled trials of tramadol conducted on or before August 2014. The studies varied widely in quality and scope, according to the researchers. Most studies were conducted in Middle Eastern countries. Since aspects of PE may differ culturally, that could limit the relevance of these findings to men living elsewhere, such as in the United States. Single trial results indicated that tramadol was significantly more effective at increasing IELT than paroxetine taken on-demand, sildenafil, lidocaine gel, or behavioral therapy, according to findings published online in BMC Urology. Tramadol was associated with significantly more adverse effects than placebo or behavioral therapy, such as erectile dysfunction, drowsiness, and dizziness over a few months of treatment. The researchers pointed out more studies comparing tramadol with other PE drugs and therapies are needed. Addiction problems and breathing difficulties would also need to be assessed. |
Σχετικά
Με το ιστολόγιο αυτό επιχειρείται η κατά το δυνατόν άμεση ενημέρωση σε θέματα που αφορούν ουρολογικές εξελίξεις και δίνεται η δυνατότητα σχολιασμού των αναρτήσεων. Κατηγορίες
All
|
Ιατρείο Λαγκαδά: Δ. Μήλιου 24 (έναντι 1ου δημοτικού), Λαγκαδάς
Τ: 2394 020 780, Κ: 693 63 23 794 |